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1. In 1875 the population of New York was one million.
2. Twenty-five years later it was over three and a half million.
3. New inventions were developed to deal with the population expansion. At breakneck speed New York covered itself with trains, suspension bridges, elevated rajlways, steam boats and then sky-scrapers.
4. The first sky-scraper was put up in 1888. It had only 13 storeys, but the next had 22, the Empire State Building - 102, and now the World Trade Centre has reached 110.
5. New York is carefully planned and it is easy for a stranger to find his way there: the city has been built rectangularly.
6. All the streets, except Broadway, run either north and south, or east and west.
7. Twelve long avenues run north and south and five hundred short streets east and west.
8. The Fifth Avenue divides the city into the eastern and the western part.
9. Only Broadway runs diagonally across the city.
10. The Americans have not given the New York streets names of their famous men, but have called them by ordinal numbers or letters of the alphabet.

Question:

1. Can a stranger easily get lost in New York ? (...)
2. When did the first sky-scraper appear ? (...)
3. What helped to solve the problem of population expansion ? (...)
4. In what direction does Broadway stretch ? (...)
5. What is the rule of giving streets names in America ? (...)

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1. I am Dr. Watson, a friend of Sherlock Holmes. I am going to tell you a story which happened long ago.
2. One evening a man came to see us. His name was Hilton Soames. Mr.Soames was a professor at one of the University colleges.
3. When he came in we saw at once from his face that something had happened to him. It was clear that our visitor was worried.
4. "I hope, Mr. Holmes", he said, "that you can give me a few hours of your time. A very unpleasant thing has happened at our college."
5. "I am very busy now", my friend answered. "Can't you go to the police and ask them to help you ?"
6. "No, Mr. Holmes", said the professor. "I can't. Nobody must know what I'm going to tell you, not even police".
7. Mr. Soames explained that they couldn't have a scandal at their college and he asked us to keep his secret. Only you can help us", he said.
8. At these words Sherlock could not say "no". He had to agree to do what he could.
9. Sherlock Holmes asked the professor to tell us his story and assured him that it would remain secret.
10. The professor began his story. It was too strange that we took a great interest in it.

Question:

1. Did the story impress the listeners ? (...)
2. How did we undestand that something had happened to our visitor ? (...)
3. Who could in Mr. Holmes' mind help the professor ? (...)
4. What was Mr. Soames ? (...)
5. When did the events of the story take place ? (...)

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1. Oxford is like London: it is international, it is very old, and it has great charm. It is also a town that grew up near the River Thames.
2. Oxford is international because people from many parts of the world come to study at its university.
3. They come to study at one of the twenty-seven men's colleges or at one of the five women's colleges that are at the university.
4. They join the university "family" that has more than 9000 members.
5. Oxford is old and historical. It has existed since 912.
6. The university was established in 1249.
7. The oldest of the twenty-seven men's colleges is University College.
8. You can see the charm of Oxford in the green parks and fields which surround the city and you can see it in the lawns and gardens which surround the colleges.
9. You can see the charm of Oxford in the River Thames and its streams which pass near the city.
10. Do you know that the name Oxford means the part of the River Thames where the oxen (cattle) forded (crossed) ?

Question:

1. What flows near the city besides the river ? (...)
2. When was the city founded ? (...)
3. When was the University founded ? (...)
4. What does the word "Oxford" come from ? (...)
5. What city does Oxford resemble very much ? (...)