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Taking a near look at Great Britain

The full name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The country is situated on the Northwest coast of Europe. The UK consists of four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The country is separated from the continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. The area of the UK is some 244,100 km2. Its population is over 57 million people. English is the official language, but it is not the only language which people speak in the country.

Britain has been many centuries in the making. The Romans, Angles, Saxons, Jutes. Vikings and Normans were the invaders of the country. For many centuries this country was known simply as England. It had strong army and navy. It waged numerous colonial wars. In the modern world England was the first country where capitalism was established.

The flora of the UK is much varied and the fauna is similar to that of the north-west of Europe. The country is not very rich in natural resources. The most important river is the Thames.

London is the capital of the UK. It was founded by the Romans. The population of London is over 8 million people.

The largest cities of the UK are: Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Bristol, Leeds and Edinburgh.

The country has always played an important role in world politics.

The country is surrounded by water which makes its climate warmer in winter and cooler in summer. The Gull Stream makes the sea warm.

The UK is known as a foggy country. The annual temperature in London is about 8 degrees.

The UK is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of machinery, electrics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. In Law, the Head of State is the Queen. In practice, the Queen reign, but does not rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the Prime minister at the head.


Outstanding people of Great Britain

Great Britain is famous for its poets, writers, scientists. Among them are: William Shakespeare, Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift, Robert Burns, Walter Scott, James Cook, Charles Darwin, Henry Bessemer and many others.

The name of William Shakespeare, a great English poet, dramatist and philosopher, is known in the whole world. His works are truly immortal. Daniel Dafoe, the founder of the early bourgeois realistic novel, is also well-known. His novel “Robinson Crusoe” is a glorification of human labour, a triumph of man over nature. Robert Burns was the most democratic poet of the 18-th century. His birthday in Scotland is celebrated as a national holiday. Henry Bessemer is one of the greatest inventions of the 19-th century. He invented the new process of steel production, the so-called Bessemer process. James Cook is a famous English navigator and discoverer of new lands. Charles Darwin is a well-known English scientist. He was the author of the theory of the origin and development of life on the Earth. Another great English scientist Isaac Newton was the discoverer of the Law of Gravitation. These and many other English writers, scientists, travelers and inventors made great contribution to world literature and science.



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